Evaluating the Success of Americas Policy of Containment...

Evaluating the Success of America’s Policy of Containment American policy of containment refers to the foreign policy strategy of the US in the early years of the Cold war. The policy was to defeat the Soviet Union by preventing it from expanding the territories under its Communist control or otherwise extending its influence. This, naturally, resulted in strained relations and rivalry between the two superpowers. Despite the many difficulties, American policy of containment during the Korean War, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Vietnam War did manage to contain the expansion of Communism to a certain extent. The containment of communism in Korea was successful. The Korean War, which†¦show more content†¦He revived the peace talks and an armistice was eventually signed with a demilitarized zone at the 38th parallel. The end of the Korean War proves the fact that America’s policy of containing Communism was successful. However, America’s policy of containing the infamous Cuban Missile Crisis was not so successful. In fact, it almost resulted in a nuclear war. The crisis was a tense confrontation between the Soviet Union and United States over the Soviet deployment of nuclear missiles in Cuba. The Cuban Missile Crisis began on October 14, 1962 and lasted until November 20, 1962. It could have resulted in a nuclear war. In April 1961, President Kennedy supplied arms, equipment and transport for some anti-Castro exiles to invade Cuba and overthrow Fidel Castro. Castro had overthrown the American backed Batista. The Bay of Pigs incident which was Kennedy’s attempt to oust Communism from Cuba was a disastrous failure. Fidel Castro sought Soviet support; the Soviet Union installed nuclear weapons in Cuba. Finally, Cuba came under the Soviet Union’s sphere of influence; after the Bay of Pigs fiasco, Soviet Union arms flooded into Cuba. In May 1962 the Soviet Union announced public ly that they were supplying Cuba with arms. The United States started deploying nuclear missiles near Turkey in 1961, which threatened the Soviet Union. â€Å"Soviet reasoningShow MoreRelatedStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 Pages.....655 OVERVIEW OF EVALUATION .................................. 657 APPROACHES TO EVALUATION .............................. 666 PREVALENCE OF EVALUATION ............................... 679 EVALUATING STRATEGIC CONTRIBUTIONS OF TRADITIONAL AREAS ............................................ 680 EVALUATING STRATEGIC CONTRIBUTIONS IN EMERGING AREAS ................................................. 703 MACRO-LEVEL EVALUATION OF HUMAN RESOURCE EFFECTIVENESS ................................... 711 SUMMARYRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagesarticles have been published in the Academy of Management Journal, Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of World Business, an d European Management Journal. Since the very beginning of the transition to a market economy after the fall of communism in Eastern Europe, he has been actively involved in management education programs sponsored by the U.S. Agency for International Development in Albania and Macedonia, and in U.S. Information Agency programs involving the Central Asian countries ofRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesmarketing Summary Appendix: The drivers of consumer change 6 Approaches to competitor analysis 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 Learning objectives Introduction Against whom are we competing? Identifying and evaluating competitors’ strengths and weaknesses Evaluating competitive relationships and analysing how organizations compete Identifying competitors’ objectives Identifying competitors’ likely response profiles Competitor analysis and the development of strategy The competitive intelligenceRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesethical pharmaceutical industry. TUI – competitive forces in the travel industry. HiFi – how can small players survive changing markets? Amazon (B) – latest developments in a successful dot.com. Formula One – developing the capabilities for competitive success in a hi-tech industry. Manchester United – clash of expectations in the football world. Salvation Army – strategic challenges for a global not-for-profit organisation with a mission. Bayer MS – corporate social responsibility in the international

Schizophrenia Its Aetiology Essay - 982 Words

Schizophrenia: its Aetiology Lesley Stevens and Ian Rodin justified the need of acquisition to the mental disorders’ aetiology in their book â€Å"Psychiatry†. They pointed out the fact that psychiatrists need to be familiar with the contribution of a particular disorder in order to make a more confident in the diagnosis. Knowing the aetiology of psychotic disorder is as important as the diagnosis. For the simple reason that psychotic disorders do not have particular tests that can be made for diagnosis; on the contrary, physical illnesses do. Knowing the probability of patients vulnerability to a particular disorder helps in the diagnosis. They gave an example explaining that the probability of having angina is more likely in a 60-year-old†¦show more content†¦However, 60% of schizophrenics have no biological relatives in which schizophrenia was diagnosed. Thus, hereditary alone cannot explain the aetiology of the disorder2. Using the word â€Å"environment† in science has a wide range of definitions. It is publically associated with the surrounding environment such as family history, home, or work environments. Although it is true, it is not thorough. In science the word â€Å"environment† can mean abuse, drug use, or some birth complications. The fact that both monozygotic twins do not develop schizophrenia indicates the presence of environmental factors. One may have whereas the other does not. It suggests that environmental factors have an impact and can cause schizophrenia. 1 According to Lesley Stevens and Ian Rodin schizophrenia can be caused by minor congenital abnormalities, low birth weight, abnormalities of dermatoglyphics , small head circumference, and being born in winter months. Another environmental factor that is believed to increase the risk of schizophrenia is the exposure to viruses. Moreover, studies have shown that fathers’ ages are believed to increase the ris k of schizophrenia. These studies present a potent connection between the fathers’ ages and offspring developing of schizophrenia. 2 As older the fathers are, the higher the risk of evolving schizophrenia in their offspring. It might be explained by the genetic mutations in the sperm which isShow MoreRelatedDevelopment of Schizophrenia660 Words   |  3 Pagestheories regarding the development of schizophrenia hypothesized that a large percentage of the onset of the psychotic disorder was due to genetic predisposition (Leboyer et al., 2008; Tsuang, Stone, Faraone, 2001). Meehl (1962) theorized that schizotaxia, a genetic predisposition for schizophrenia, inevitably results in schizotpy, the physical materialization of schizophrenia. Other early theories suggested that 80% of the likelihood of developing schizophrenia could be attributed to genetics (LeboyerRead MoreThe human brain is a very complex organ which has conquered the minds of many for the wonders it800 Words   |  4 Pageswhich has conquered the minds of many for the wonders it consistently propagates in terms of rationality, morality, sociol functioning, executive functioning and other attributes. A simple definition taken from the oxford dictionary 2014 defines schizophrenia as a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behaviour, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasyRead MoreSchizophreni A Long Term Psychotic Disorder1265 Words   |  6 PagesDefinition of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a long term psychotic disorder which severely affects the way a person thinks, behaves and their perception of the world. This illness has a negative impact on an individual’s social and occupational functioning and usually results in the affected person withdrawing from their family and friend (Trigoboff, 2008). The current DSM-V classification explores this definition in further detail and allows for reliable diagnosis in patients with schizophrenia. AccordingRead MoreIs Art A Mirror On Society?1559 Words   |  7 Pagesparanoid schizophrenia. At the institute he is treated with insulin shock therapy and released with a regiment of drugs. He stops taking the drugs due to the way they make him feel and soon relapses. After a series of unfortunate events including the near death of his child he agrees to go back on medication and seems to lead a relatively normal life after that (A Beautiful Mind, 2001). Paranoid Schizophrenia This movie presents the psychological disorder that is Paranoid Schizophrenia. This isRead MoreThe Effect Of Emotion Regulation On Persons Patients With Schizophrenia1344 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Theoretical Framework Statement of Research Problem Statement of Research Purpose Introduction Emotion regulation is often disturbed in persons diagnosed with schizophrenia, however little is known about how social cognition and metacognition are linked with the regulation of emotion in persons diagnosed with schizophrenia. Emotion regulation refers to the processes by which we influence which emotions we have, when we have them, and how we and express them and is comprised of antecedent-focusedRead MoreSchizophrenia And The World Health Organization Essay1723 Words   |  7 Pages Schizophrenia is perhaps the least understood and most frightening of the mental disorders. One percent of the world population is affected by it and the World Health Organisation has ranked it as the seventh greatest cause of disability worldwide (Frangou, 2008). On average it takes one to one and half decades off the sufferers life and is a greater cause of mortality than many cancers and physical illnesses (van Os Kapur, 2009). This paper will present an out of hospital case study and compareRe ad MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1515 Words   |  7 PagesThe term ‘Schizophrenia’ was introduced by Eugene Bleuler in 1908 to describe a set of symptoms previously labelled as dementia praecox. Schizophrenia refers to the splitting of different psychological symptoms within a single personality (Davey, G. 2014). â€Å"Schizophrenia is characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and behaviour, and other symptoms that cause social or occupational dysfunction. For a diagnosis, symptoms must have been present for six months and include atRead More The Causes of Schizophrenia Essay3196 Words   |  13 PagesSchizophrenia is undoubtedly one of the most common psychological disorders which according to epidemiology, affects at least 1 in 100 individuals (Kolb Whishaw, 2011), equating to 24 million people worldwide (World Health Organisation, 2012). Research has demonstrated that symptoms of the illness usually become apparent in late adolescence or early adulthood (Bear, Connors, Paradiso, 2007), with males typically experiencing an earlier onset in comparison to their female counterparts (KalatRead MoreThe Implications of Expressed Emotion in Schizophrenia1662 Words   |  7 PagesThe emergence of Schizophrenia can be attributed to many individual factors including biological causes, such as heredity and genetics, sociopsychological influences, like social class, and social factors, namely stressful life events. One particular opinion regarding the aetiology of this illness is Expressed Emotion: a concept which links directly to the emotional atmosphere in the caregivers home, and the feelings conveyed regarding the illness of the dependent (Whittick, 1993). When a SchizophrenicRead MoreIn Terms Of Percentage Life Time Risk, For Suicide In Affective1033 Words   |  5 PagesIn terms of percentage life time risk, for suicide in affective disorder risk is 6%, schizophrenia -4%, and alcohol dependence 7% according to {Inskip H.M. 1998}. This paper analysed data from 83 mortality studies of the specific disorder s listed. However it should be noted that none of the samples were followed through â€Å"to extinction.† This may correspond with the increase we have seen in suicide rates since the financial crisis as rates of depression and alcohol dependence are likely to increase

Gas Versus Oil Prices the Impact of Shale Gas Energy Policy

Question: 1. A.Critically evaluate the factors an organisation needs to consider when implementing a change process. Your answer must include three examples from the oil and gas sector. B. Critically analyse and apply McKinsey 7S framework to a change process in the oil and gas sector. 2. A. Conduct a Five Forces analysis of the oil and gas industry in 2014. The Porters five forces are buyers, suppliers, substitutes, new entrants, and rivalry. B . In relation to Question 4A above, which forces are becoming more negative or positive for the major International Oil Companies (IOCs)? Answer: A. Factors an organisation needs to consider when implementing a change process: In the present dynamic business environment, changes in the operational process have become an integral part for the growth of the organizations. As per the article by Kelland (2014), leaders play a significant role in handling the changes procedure so that the organization can able to achieve objective and vision. However, identifying ideal change management model is generally very challenging for the leaders, as each has distinct limitations and advantages. It is important for the organization to understand the way to utilize knowledge in change management process in order to produce better outcomes for the organizations. Based on the thinking procedure of the leaders several change management model has been utilized by organizations so that it can able to maintain its position in the market. As per Lewins change management model, organizations have to utilize three steps including unfreeze, change and refreeze for implementing effective change management process (McCollum et al. 2016). In the first step, managers have to influence organization to believe that changes are necessary for maintaining its position in the market. In the Lewin model, unfreeze is probably the most difficult step at the time of implementing any change in the process. Thereafter, organizations have to implement change that is necessary for the organization. Finally, managers have to refreeze its process so that employees can able to adjust with the changes. For instance, President of Nigeria has utilized the Lewins change management model to implement change in the processes of oil industry (Bohi and Russell 2013). Several policies and culture has been changed in unfreeze and change process. However, senior authority of Nigeria has ensured that the major players in the oil and gas industry in Nige ria will accept the changes. In the refreezing step, senior authority of Nigeria has internalized new regulations and policies as a part of their culture. At the time of introducing geographical information system (GIS) in the operational process, Sinopec has also utilized Lewins change management model. In order to unfreeze and change the operational process, Sinopec provided employees the knowledge regarding the significance of GIS to reduce the possibility of any economic disaster. As a result, Sinopec does not have to face too much difficulty in implementing change in the process. Kotters 8-step change model is also very popular at the time of implementing change in the organizational process. It consist 8 steps including developing higher urgency toward change, creating a strong coalition, constructing share-vision towards change, communicating and sharing vision in organization, empowering employees to develop ability to manage change, creating short term objectives, maintaining persistence towards change and finally internalized the change in the organizational culture. Former CEO of Lord John Browne of British Petroleum has utilized this model in order to implement change in the operational process (Tordo et al. 2013). In order to implement change, BP has highlighted three major issues namely climate change, human rights and transparency in the oil and gas industry. Thereafter, BP has highlighted its mission and vision for implementing change in the operational process. The changes implemented by the British Petroleum are more focused towards protecting th e human rights, support transparency and prevent climate change. BP also has communicated the information regarding the changes in process in the recruitment process. This has helped the organization to gain benefit from the implemented changes process much effectively. At the time of introducing risk based process safety (RBSF) technique, Petrobras have utilized Kotters 8-step change model. In present business environment, health and safety of the employees has come up as a major issue for the oil and gas organizations. For that reason, Petrobras have highlighted the significance of introducing RBSF techniques in maintaining the image of the organization. Management of Petrobras has made sure that organization follows all the 8 steps of Kotlers change management model in order to reduce the risk of change in process to a great extent. As per the article by Yusuf et al. (2014), logistic operation is critical for the success of the organization dealing in the oil and gas sector. Specifically, in the present business environment logistic operation in the oil sector has deal with factors like environment, safety, legal in order to fulfil organizational objectives. For that reason, organizations like BHP Billiton and ExxonMobil has made lot of changes in its logistic operational process so that it can able to reach its desire destination with creating any difficulties for the organization. For that reason, the companies have changed the process by which they transfer the raw materials to its desire destination. Therefore, organizations have provided training facilities to their employees so that they can able to adjust to the changes in the organizational process in a much effective way. B. McKinsey 7S framework for the change process in oil and gas industry: Strategy: As per the article by Fingar and Jackson (2014), strategy refers to the plan of actions that companies develop for facing the organizational challenges in a much more effective way. Strategies play a crucial role in continues development procedure of the organizations. Oil and gas sector is probably has to perform the most complex business process for maintaining its position in the market. Therefore, it has to construct strategy for making effective change in the process. Structure: In order to implement effective change in the process, organizations in the oil and gas sector has to focus on the structure. Since, proper utilization of organizational structure can actually help the employees to adjust with the changes of the process in a much more effective way. Furthermore, proper organizational structure also allows the oil sector organization to develop an effective communicational process. System: Oil and gas organizations have to implement different complex systems so that it can able to manage its internal process in a much effective way. For instance, oil sector organizations will have to keep in track the changes in order to assess its effectiveness. Therefore, it is necessary for the organizations to implement effective systems so that it can able to manage the new process in an appropriate way. Style: As per the article by Saad, Mohamed Udin and Hasnan (2014) organizational style or culture plays a significant role in implementing successful process change. Well-developed culture in the oil and gas sector can actually able to motivate the employees to adjust with the changes in the operational procedure. It will also be beneficial for the management of oil and gas industry, as they can able to initiate changes without facing any difficulties. Staff: Staff maintenance is crucial for implementing any plan effectively regardless of the industry. In addition, oil and gas sector have deal with staff that possess different types of knowledge. Therefore, it is expected that the oil sector will face more challenges from managing the staff at the time of implementing any change in the operational process. Skills: As per the article by Coday, Almaraz and Cath (2015) required amount of skill is necessary for utilizing any change in the operational process. Thus, organizations dealing in oil and gas sector will have to provide sufficient training to all its employees so that they can able to adjust with the changes appropriately. Shared value: In the oil and gas industry, it is important maintain safety and environmental criteria so that it can able to develop a popular image in the market. Thus, organizations have to implement a common goal so that employees can able to work coherently. Figure 1: McKinsey 7S framework (Source: Singh 2013) A. Porters five forces analysis of the oil and gas industry: According to Beyer et al. (2015) Porters five force analysis identifies the state of competition in a particular industry. The analysis focuses on five separate factors that help to evaluate all the factors related to the competitiveness of the industry. The five forces analysis of oil and gas industry is described as follows: Threat from potential new entrants: New entrants emerge with new capacity in order to gain majority of the market share. However, new entrants also have to deal with several market entry barriers in order to fulfil its objectives. As per the article by Xingang, Jiaoli and Bei (2013) market entry barriers in the oil and gas industry are patents, economies of scale, government regulations, huge requirements of capital and ownership of the resources. For instance, ExxonMobil has patents on technology that can reduce the cost of the operational process. Therefore, it minimizes the risk of new entrants. Furthermore, factors like government regulations vary from one country to another. For that reason, it is very difficult for new entrants to penetrate successfully in the market. Threat of substitutes: Increase competition in the oil and gas sector has provided more options for the people at the time of purchasing any oil. With the utilization of advance technology, most of the oil and gas organizations are focusing on the alternative energy sources. For instance, organizations like British Petroleum, ExxonMobil and BHP Billiton is focusing on the development of effective transportation of the biofuels. Chinese government is trying to have biofuels account for 20% of its entire transportation fuel consumptions by the end of 2020 (Weaver 2013). As a result, it actually increases the pressure for the oil and gas organizations to develop infrastructure for the development of alternative energy sources. Thus, it actually increases the threat of substitutes in the market. Bargaining power of suppliers: As per the article by Wan, Huang and Craig (2014) powerful suppliers influence the market through limiting production and charging higher prices. In the oil and gas industry, suppliers possess considerable amount of power that can actually influence the business pattern of the organization. For instance, ExxonMobil change in pricing strategy influences OPEC to change its prices as well. As suppliers, oil companies bring power to the recipient countries through the vertical integration process. For instance, PDVSA control its marketing and refining operation in USA through CITGO Corporation. Now vertical integration maximizes the profitability and reduces risk (Xiang et al. 2014). Therefore, it is expected that suppliers will possess higher bargaining power in future. Bargaining power of buyers: This factor of the Porters five forces describe the ability of the buyers influence price and also forcing organizations to provide better quality product and services. In present business environment, majority of the big oil and gas organizations outsource much of their field activities to the oil and gas service organization. As a result, major oil and gas organizations heavily depended on the provided services. Therefore, as a buyer, organizations in the oil sector are in extremely powerful position to bargain prices or demand additional or better quality services. Furthermore, oil companies often acquire other organizations to utilize the exploration process in an effective way. As per the article by Asche, Oglend and Osmundsen (2012), joint ventures actually reduces the amount of risk, increase the market penetration power for the oil companies. Therefore, it actually increases the bargaining power of the oil and gas organizations even further. Competitive rivalry within the industry: High rivalry among the existing organizations can limit the profitability of the industry. However, as the market entry is limited in the oil and gas industry, oil companies do not have to face huge amount of competition for maintaining its position in the market. However, all the major players in the oil and gas organizations often utilize unique strategies to get additional advantage in comparison to its competitors. Figure 2: Porters five forces (Source: Yunna and Yisheng 2014) B. Prime positive and negative forces for the major oil and gas organizations: From the above analysis, it can be assessed that threat of substitutes are becoming a huge factor in the oil and gas industry. As per the article by Wan Ahmad, de Brito and Tavasszy (2016) oil and gas is facing huge amount of pressure to fulfil the demands in the market. Furthermore, the earth contains limited amount of energy resources. Therefore, it is expected that the industry will face difficulties in fulfilling the demand of the market in future as well. Therefore, major players in the oil and gas industry has no other option than to make massive investment in the development of alternative energy sources so that it can able to fulfil the requirement of energy in an appropriate manner. However, utilization of alternative energy sources is also providing alternative opportunity for the oil organizations to sustain its position in the market. On the other hand, major players in the oil and gas industry do not have to face too much threat from the new entrants in the market (Brynolf, Fridell and Andersson 2014). Furthermore, majority of the oil and gas organizations do have fare share of the market. Therefore, it will help oil and gas organizations to invest huge amount for the development of infrastructure to produce alternative energy so that the world does not have to face scarcity of energy in near future. In fact, less competition will ensure that the oil organizations can actually face the threat of substitute in an effective manner. References: Asche, F., Oglend, A. and Osmundsen, P., 2012. Gas versus oil prices the impact of shale gas.Energy Policy,47, pp.117-124. Beyer, J., Wathne, B.M., Omer, R.K. and Ahmed, S.E., 2015. Guideline for environmental monitoring in Sudanese marine waters in connection with offshore oil and gas industry activities. Bohi, D.R. and Russell, M., 2013.Limiting oil imports: An economic history and analysis. Routledge. Brynolf, S., Fridell, E. and Andersson, K., 2014. Environmental assessment of marine fuels: liquefied natural gas, liquefied biogas, methanol and bio-methanol.Journal of cleaner production,74, pp.86-95. Coday, B.D., Almaraz, N. and Cath, T.Y., 2015. Forward osmosis desalination of oil and gas wastewater: Impacts of membrane selection and operating conditions on process performance.Journal of Membrane Science,488, pp.40-55. Fingar, M. and Jackson, J., 2014. Application of corrosion inhibitors for steels in acidic media for the oil and gas industry: a review.Corrosion Science,86, pp.17-41. Kelland, M.A., 2014.Production chemicals for the oil and gas industry. CRC press. McCollum, D.L., Jewell, J., Krey, V., Bazilian, M., Fay, M. and Riahi, K., 2016. Quantifying uncertainties influencing the long-term impacts of oil prices on energy markets and carbon emissions.Nature Energy,1, p.16077. Saad, S., Mohamed Udin, Z. and Hasnan, N., 2014. Dynamic Supply Chain Capabilities: A Case Study in Oil and Gas Industry.International Journal of Supply Chain Management,3(2). Singh, A., 2013. A study of role of McKinsey's 7S framework in achieving organizational excellence.Organization Development Journal,31(3), p.39. Tordo, S., Warner, M., Manzano, O. and Anouti, Y., 2013.Local content policies in the oil and gas sector. World Bank Publications. Wan Ahmad, W.N.K., de Brito, M.P. and Tavasszy, L.A., 2016. Sustainable supply chain management in the oil and gas industry: A review of corporate sustainability reporting practices.Benchmarking: An International Journal,23(6), pp.1423-1444. Wan, Z., Huang, T. and Craig, B., 2014. Barriers to the development of China's shale gas industry.Journal of Cleaner Production,84, pp.818-823. Weaver, J.L., 2013.Unitization of Oil and Gas Fields in Texas: A Study of Legislative, Administrative, and Judicial Policies(Vol. 9). Routledge. Xiang, D., Qian, Y., Man, Y. and Yang, S., 2014. Techno-economic analysis of the coal-to-olefins process in comparison with the oil-to-olefins process.Applied Energy,113, pp.639-647. Xingang, Z., Jiaoli, K. and Bei, L., 2013. Focus on the development of shale gas in ChinaBased on SWOT analysis.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,21, pp.603-613. Yunna, W. and Yisheng, Y., 2014. The competition situation analysis of shale gas industry in China: Applying Porters five forces and scenario model.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,40, pp.798-805. Yusuf, Y.Y., Gunasekaran, A., Musa, A., Dauda, M., El-Berishy, N.M. and Cang, S., 2014. A relational study of supply chain agility, competitiveness and business performance in the oil and gas industry.International Journal of Production Economics,147, pp.531-543.

Marketing Management Fine Meat Company †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Management Fine Meat Company. Answer: Description Of The Organization Fine Meat Company belongs to food processing industry and it works as a meat slaughtering, processing and export business based in Australia. The company is aimed to service the hospitality industry in all part of Australia and to the countries in which they export their meat and meat products. The company has over 20 years of experience in the industry and it is known for its expertise in manufacturing fresh, tinned meat products and meat byproducts. The company has received license from Meat standard of Australia which guarantees the meat products it supplies are quality sorted cuts, as a result meeting their criteria for distributing meat that is tender, juicy and seasoned. To serve its Muslim customers in both Australia and other countries with halal meat and meat products, the company has received license from Halal certification Authority. The companys products and services are accessible to their customer throughout the year. The company has demonstrated its performance at the uppermost level. To guarantee their customer continuous supply of excellent meat products, the company upholds continuous supply of livestock which they buy from all part of the country where there are livestock farmers. The company distributes meat products variety which includes: Beef, goats, lamb and mutton. They also deliver lamb carcasses and byproducts, like meat, bone meals, hides and skins. It also supplies liver, kidneys and lungs. The company delivers tinned products, like corned beef, tinned and pet foods. Fine Meat Company offers its meat products to its employees, livestock ranchers and traders, restaurants, institutes, government institutions, retailers, individual clients, wholesalers, tanneries, dealers of hides and skins. The company exports its products to Asia, the United States, Europe and Africa. Mission Statement To obtain, process and market excellent meat products at competitive charges using competent, efficient and systems that is friendly to the environment to fulfil needs of clients and shareholders. Aims of Fine Meat Company The company provides door to door meat delivery services where meat are transported in a refrigerated vehicles to maintain the quality of the meat supplied. The company is devoted to constantly buy quality livestock, process competently into high quality meat and meat products. The aims at developing maintainable markets while guaranteeing prudent monetary management for economical sustainability and cost-effectiveness of the company. The company is committed to fulfil its consumer desires through constantly refining its performance, its meat products and service by sustaining the maximum standards of cleanliness and product quality. The company has excellent customer care and service, it uses technical proficiency to fulfil its customers' desires and bymarketing its product using social media such as Facebook, tweets, WhatsApp and blogs. 5Cs for this organization Company, Customers, Competitors, Collaborators, and Context are the referred to as the 5 Cs and are applied in evaluatingmarketing decisions for business organizations. Fine Meat Companys strength is founded on the unequalled competency of the meat processing plant and the capacity to process great volumes of meat that are of quality depending with customer likings. The company also has many refrigerated vehicles that supplies meat and meat products to our outlets distributors in various parts of the country. The Fine Meat Companys has strong financial achievement. Due to strong investment, the firm can merge, manage and enlarge its business. The company emphasizes on research and improvement thus it has proven a competitive lead in same field (Krejcie and Morgan, p. 607). Weaknesses The Fine Meat Company depends on few clienteles thus this is disadvantageous to them due to limited source of income. The company focusses on few of its major products line. In this case if the company loses one of its topmost production line clients, it can face a serious business problem. The firm has geographical weaknesses because they majorly depend on the domestic market as main source of income. Other weaknesses that affects the company include: unpredictable international commodity markets, climatic changeability and concentration of processing capability. Opportunities Fine Meat Companys products have received increased demand from Asia markets and this has boosted income for the company. The company has gained greater efficiencies in both processing and marketing of their products. The company also has succeeded in managing various production risks that faced them for the last few years Threats: The ever increasing input prices has posed a big threat to the company (Tevfik and Oktay, p.131). The company is also faced with disease risk, especially communicable diseases that kills a large number of livestock leading to decrease in product supply to the consumers. Climate change has posed threats to the company, for example when drought conditions prevails the livestock farmers sell most of their cattle at lower prices to meat companies leading to high supply of meat in market, low demand for the product and lower prices for meat products decreasing amount of profit. The increase in price for both raw materials and fossil fuels has posed threat due to increase in commodity costs. The population of vegetarian is on the increase worldwide therefore, meat consumers are decreasing leading to decrease in amount of profit received by the company. This drift can negatively affect the business. Customer The company has wide range of customers with different preferences when it comes to tastes and how the food is packaged (Hunt et al., p. 5). Through various field studies the company conducted earlier, they have learnt every single country has affinity of taste and cultural liking. Asian and Koreans customers for example, dont like salty food thus the company learnt to reduce the amount of salt and packed food in a cans made of aluminum so that the consumers can easily open the cans (Schnettler et al., p. 380). For the Muslim customers, Fine Meat company has halal certification issued to them by Halal certification Authority. The companys customers can obtain information about our product through social media such as our Facebook page, WhatsApp, blogs, tweets and YouTube. For our customers who prefer door to door delivery of our products, we make the available to them. Our customers in rural areas can have access to our products through different outlets that are available in the cou ntry and also across the globe. Collaborators The companys suppliers are livestock farmers based in Northern and Southern part of Australia. Fine Meat Company distributes its meat and meat products through wholesale markets, foodservices, retail markets and also in internet shopping malls. Individual consumers can also buy the products directly from the industry and there is door to door delivery for the consumers who prefer that services. The company has distributors located in their export countries where their international customers can have access to the products. Competitor Other competing companies have more product line that they supply such as veal, seafood (fish), poultry, rabbit, pork, bacon that is not supplied by Fine Meat Company therefore, these competitors have a wider market share. Fine Meat Company faces a lot of competition meat firms within Australia and in countries where it exports its products. These are the Australian beef industry, Australian Meat exporters and Ralphs meat company. Though the company and others vend products which are alike, each firm have its dissimilarities by selecting specific manufacturing and marketing approaches that suits them (Tuanmat and Smith, p. 208) Some of companys rivals produces dairy products in addition to meat products they supply, they also distinguish their products by lowering prices and maintain products high quality. Context Fine Meat Company faces several external ecological factors which include political, economic social and technological factors (Reicks et al., p. 407). Technological innovations have produced new businesses which have shown a threat to Fine Meat Company, some of the companys meat products and services have been removed from the market. Political factors that has affected the company is the governments decision which led to increase in tax for Fine meat company while for some meat companies tax was decreased and this had negative effect on the companys income. Lack of political steadiness in some Asian and African countries where the company exports its meat products has affected the companys business processes in such countries (Kariuki et al., p. 20). Collecting information on market research and intelligence Marketing information and research refer to the information needed to be collected to give a good idea what the target customers are thinking and what they want or are doing in respect to the companys product (Burns and Bush, p. 80). A number of channels can be used to collect such information on the needs of the customers and even about what the competitors are doing in the market. The aim is to gain competitive advantage and have a bigger market share. We use the trade shows to learn about what our competitors are doing. During trade shows, our staffs go to the booths of our competitors and check the products and services they offer in relation to what we are offering. We also use the trade associations such as the Food marketing Institute, Trade promotion management companies which gathers and circulates information on trends, advances, new knowledge and developments, challenges in the meat business which are delivered daily through the companys e-mail (Gary and Kotler, p. 63). Our companys also uses the salespeople to provide a vital source of market intelligence. The company uses the sales peoples to get their view on a problem in the market. They are the ones who are knowledgeable about the products performance in the market, what is being done by the competitors, and what consumers want (Igbaekemen, p 24). Our suppliers provide the Company with a lot of information. They know and have an idea why which firms are moving a lot of portfolio. Fine Meat Company also enlists the services of an expert in the industry, business writers and journalists to gather more information. The company also put high emphasis on customers in market research by seeing the customers behaviors. The customers offer a lot hints, which the Company is confronted to address (Igbaekemen, p. 28). Developing marketing strategy Target market The target markets for Fine Meat Company are both domestic and international markets. For the domestic market all meat and meat products are sold right from the company to the end consumer or through a wholesalers and retailers. Our products are in four segments: Speciality Foodstuff Stores which includes wholesalers, butchers, or grocer positioned in a food market situation, prestigious restaurants and hotels, middle class restaurants, mainly in tourist attraction sites in the country. Finally the other domestic market is the farmers markets where products like as sausages, burgers are traded when they are either fresh or sometimes cooked (Bitner and Boons, p. 49). The consumers who are targeted by the high end food services; speciality food stores and farmers markets are those consumers looking for a different eating or dining experience. The tourist food service market segment targets the tourist looking for the real experience they see in advertisement materials or television. Speciality and farmers market segment are being used to target specific cultural, religious or ethnic class of the consumers who include communities, families or even individuals, whose culture includes regular eating of the specific meat and meat products. For the International market segment, the Fine Meat Company targets the High end Food store, and Speciality food store market segments and targets the High end diner and cultural or religious or ethnic specific consumer groups. Positioning Appreciating and applying the principles of positioning is vital for developing a competent position against our competitors (Koetler and Armstrong, p. 56). Fine Meat Company has made sure it has a good image in the eyes of our current clients. Our customers are having a lasting attachment with our company and see our product brand as the best in the market. Fine meat Company has also put in place offers to attract potential customers and this has gone well with the new customers since our market share keeps on expanding. We have taken our advertisement from the bill boards and television to internet market and social marketing where the competitors have not ventured in giving us a competitive advantage in positioning our brand (Radoviciu and Strem?an, p. 1074). Developing marketing tactics Marketing tactics are a set of renowned marketing tactics, which used in any mixture to satisfy the customers in the target market. The 4-7 Ps include the place, product, promotion, price, place, process, people and the physical evidence. They help companies to analysis and describe significant issues affecting the marketing their products and services (The chartered institute of Marketing, p. 7, 8). Product The Meat Company strives at making the meat and other meat related products that are needed by the consumers. The customers use meat and meat products in their homes or in hotels and restaurants. The meat is always fresh and refrigerated to prevent it from spoilage such that the customers get it in the best quality (Grau, p. 131). The packagings of the products are done in well-designed packaging materials and have a catchy name to appeal to the customers and it has been enriched with different flavours. Price Price is a very vital factor of a marketing plan since the companys profit is determined by the price at which it sells its products. In determining the price of my meat and meat products, the company put in mind factors such as; how much it costs to produce the product, how the consumers perceive the value of the product, put in mind how a slight decrease in the price could considerably increase my share in the market and if the current price keep up with the price of competitors selling the same meat products (Chai, p. 8). Place Placement is a very important part of the market mix. The meat company is positioned and distributes the meat products in a place that is easily reached by all prospective customers. Most of the clients look for the meat products in supermarkets and large retails shops and so the Company makes sure that the supermarkets across the country are fully stocked with our meat products. The company distribution strategy is different from my other competitors since most of them rely on the customers to go to their company sales shop (Bodger and Goulding, p.17). During trade fairs, the company attends them to further increase its visibility to potential clients. Promotion These are the promotional activities the company uses to make the consumers aware of our products and boost brand recognition and sales. The company employs sales promotion, public relations and advertising to achieve this. The marketing messages are delivered to potential buyer throughout through television ads, social media in promoting the product which are new avenues that are not being employed by the other market competitors. People This involves the target market and people directly related to the business. The Company has ensured that it has employed the right people since they are as much a part of the business. The companys employees are vital in marketing since they are the ones who deliver the products and services. The company has ensured that they have been trained and also by retaining the good staff to deliver superior service to the customers (Yasanallah and Vahid, p. 196). Process These are the processes involved in providing our meat and meat products to our customers. In the company all the processes from packaging, distribution, sales, marketing, the pay systems and other systematic procedures and steps are all done in a very efficient way (Bobbitt et al., p. 29). Physical evidence This refers to all the consumers perceive when they interact with the business. The brand, the physical environment the product and the service are being provided, the packaging and the way the staff act and dress have all been stressed to ensure that we remain on top of our competitors in the market (Rafiq et al., p. 8, 9). References Bitner, M. J. and Booms, H. (1981). Marketing Strategies and Organization: Structure for Service Firms. In Donnelly, J. H. and George, W. R. (Eds). Marketing of Services, Conference Proceedings. Chicago, IL. American Marketing Association. p. 47- 52. Bobbitt, J., Haines, H., Hodgeman, R. and Roache. T. 2006. Potential Markets for New and Emerging Meats. Australian government. Rural Industries research and development Corporation. Kingstone. pp. 1-37. Bodger, J., and B. Goulding 2003. Distribution of Meat Products from prospective Australian Industries: crocodiles, emus, rabbits, game birds, hares and snails. Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC). pp 1-62. Burns, A. and Bush, R. 2010. Marketing Research, 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2010, pp. 85. Chai, L. G. 2009. A Review of Marketing Mix: 4Ps or More? International Journal of Marketing Studies, 1(1), pp. 2-15. Gary, A. and Kotler, P. 2007. Marketing: An Introduction. 8th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2007. Grau, F. H. 2001. Meat and Meat Products. In C. J. Moir (ed.), Spoilage of Processed Foods: Causes and Diagnosis. Southwood Press Pty Limited, Sydney, NSW. pp. 1-213. Hunt, M. R., Garmyn, A. J., QQuinn, T. G., Corbin, C. H., Legako, J. F., Rathmann, R. J., Brooks, Igbaekemen, G. O. 2014. Marketing intelligence as a strategic tool for competitive edge. British Journal of Marketing Studies. 2(5), pp. 17-34 C. and Miller, M. F. 2014. Consumer assessment of beef palatability from four beef muscles from USDA Choice and Select graded carcasses. Meat Science, 98: 18. Kariuki, P.M., Awino, Z.B. and Ogutu, M. 2011. Effect of Firm Level Factors, Firm Strategy, Business Environment on Firm Performance, Business Environment Journal, pp 1-27. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. 2008. The principles of marketing, Teora Publishing House, Bucharest. pp. 1-107. Krejcie, R.V. and Morgan, D.W. 1970. Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610. Radoviciu, R. and Strem?an, F. 2009. Companies with market positioning brands. Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, 11(2), pp. 1072- 1077. Rafiq, M. and Ahmed, P. K. 1995. Using the 7Ps as a Generic Marketing Mix: an Exploratory Survey of UK and Euro-pean Marketing Academics. Marketing Intelligence Planning, 13(9) pp. 4-15. Reicks, A. L., Brooks, J. C., Garmyn, A. J., Thompson, L. D., Lyford, C. L. and Miller, M. F. 2011. Demographics and beef preferences affect consumer motivation for purchasing fresh steaks and roasts. Meat Science, 87: 403411. Schnettler, B., Ruiz, D., Seplveda, O. and Seplveda, N. 2008. Importance of the country of origin in food consumption in a developing country. Food Quality and Preference, 19: 372382. Tevfik, A. and Oktay, F. 2008. Diversification and Firm Performance in an Emerging Market: The Turkish Case. Journal of Global Strategic Management, 3: 131-137. The chartered institute of Marketing. 2009. Marketing and the 7 Ps: A brief Summary of marketing and how it works. Retrieved from: www.cim.co.uk/marketingresources Tuanmat, T. Z. and Smith, M. 2011. "The Effects of Changes in Competition, Technology and Strategy on Organizational Performance in Small and Medium Manufacturing Companies", Asian Review of Accounting, 19(3):208 220. Yasanallah, P. and Vahid, B. 2012. Studying the Status of Marketing Mix (7Ps) in Consumer Cooperatives at Ilam Province from Members Perspectives. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 2012 (2), p. 194-199.

What Has Become of Sports free essay sample

A persuasive discussion of the transformation of sports into a money making business. This is a persuasive paper that tackles the idea that sports has become simply a marketing agent and a business game rather than a sport that promotes competition, values and respect. The author argues that sport has recently been transformed to a commercial mechanism whereby the media promotes ideals of heroes and contribute to the ideals of falsity and corruption. Sports has become a commodity and a marketing tool and a money orientated idea. Includes an analysis of the statement by Tyler Cowen we run the danger that commercially successful heroes induce dangerous forms of mimesis and fail to help citizens coordinate around noble ideas. Thesis: The marketing of sports has become a business where players make more money marketing the products than playing the game. Sports heroes are then, no longer promoting the ideals of competition and values, rather through the commercialization of the team and player they are contributing falsity to a society already chaotic. We will write a custom essay sample on What Has Become of Sports? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Daily Writing Tips Is On Facebook and Twitter Now

Daily Writing Tips Is On Facebook and Twitter Now Daily Writing Tips Is On Facebook and Twitter Now Daily Writing Tips Is On Facebook and Twitter Now By Daniel Scocco Over the past months we received many emails from readers who wanted to connect with Daily Writing Tips on social networks. We finally made this possible on the two largest networks: Facebook and Twitter. If you have a Facebook account please visit Facebook.com/DailyWritingTips and click on the Like button to connect with us. Once you do that youll start seeing links to our posts on your Facebook stream. Alternatively you can visit this post on our website and hit the Like button directly on the Facebook Like Box. Twitter users can follow the official Daily Writing Tips account on Twitter.com/writing_tips. We try to follow every one back, and we also tweet links to the latest posts on the blog. Finally, youll notice that below the posts theres a Share section now. There you can click on the buttons to retweet the post or to share it with your Facebook friends. We would appreciate if you could spread the word about any post you like by using those buttons! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:45 Synonyms for â€Å"Food†11 Writing Exercises to Inspire You and Strengthen Your WritingThe Difference Between "Shade" and "Shadow"

The issue of regional currency unification Essay - 3

The issue of regional currency unification - Essay Example In the recent past, the world has witnessed an increasing interest in economic integration and currency unification among countries in specific regions. The idea of currency unification is not new and can be dated back to 1961 when Mundell coined the concept of Optimum Currency Areas (OCA) as noted by . Currency unification has been one of the key ambitions of the Gulf Cooperation council (GCC) countries. Soon after the formation of GCC, the region’s goal for the formation of unified currency system was adopted in the article 22 of the council’s unified economic agreement of June 1982, which states that: â€Å"The member states shall seek to coordinate their financial, monetary, and banking policies and enhance cooperation between monetary agencies and central bank, including an attempt tom establish a common currency in order tom further their desired economic integration† . assert that the European economic and monetary union (EMU) model of 1999 which set the pace for the adoption of Euro by eleven countries as well as the continuing efforts by the GCC member states to integrate their economies have contributed to raise this ambition a new. It is worth noting at this point that the remarkable convergence of the exchange rate policies adhered in the GCC countries pegs to the US dollar. In accordance to exchange rate arrangement formally reported to the IMF, only the rial Oman is pegged to the dollar.

Venezuela Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Venezuela Case Analysis - Essay Example Because of this reason, the casualties of the injustices who are mostly Afro Venezuelans and women, have ensued legal action and social unrest to push for and ensure equality for all (Karimi & Shoichet). The violations have led to human right movements and rise of activists who advocate and proclaim for the protection and observance of human rights in Venezuela. This paper analyses the different social and political struggles that the citizens of Venezuela have undergone in order to define the widening range of economic, political, social, and cultural rights they hope to enjoy today. In Venezuela, proclaiming and fighting for human rights began soon after the sentiments and Declaration of Rights. The people with African origin and women were never allowed to participate in the voting process and they faced discrimination from the majority. In the recent past women were not to vie or contest for any political positions or participate in the electoral process (BBC). This was the foundation of Venezuela’s women movement, and the women even now are still pushing for equality in the leadership positions. Most of the human rights movements and protests involve mass resistance and demonstrations. In other instances the struggle and fight for human rights is accompanied by unrest and violent rebellion and confrontation. The efforts over the years have led to the extension of human rights to all and reforms to the law for the sake of minorities leading to democracy and freedom some Venezuela citizens enjoy today. Liberal idealism is also being implemented by the Venezuelan leaders. It is the strong international belief of safeguarding and protecting the human society collectively. It is basically the coming together of nations with a main aim of advancing humanity. It involves states helping each other and ensuring peaceful co-existence between the citizens (Eisene). The

Research Methodologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6750 words

Research Methodologies - Essay Example The new media identified is the internet and the possible e-marketing exercises that could be resorted to in order to boost the profitability. Hong Kong is made of 236 islands in all on the South China Sea. Out of this land space, it has been found that only 25% of the land has been commercially developed and used. The rest are green and form a part of National Parks that are protected and reserves (Lonely Planet, 2006). Since it borders the Pearl River and its delta, it also provides some of the best picturesque locations for restaurants and evening sit outs. Most of the people live and work in high rise buildings. The restaurants that cater to the catering business in Hong Kong are on many cases are located next to one another for want of land and place (Time Out, 2006). This led to excessive competition between the restaurants of the region. The sharp increase in the GDP of the province and an economic growth that surpassed 10% year on year on the GDP helped the province to swiftly prosper at the same time pushing the cost of place and hence the rental costs to incredibly high figures. While the rental costs have gone substantial up, it is also found that the cost of food has not gone up to that extent. This has happened due to the fact that most of the food is imported and the imported cost has not gone up in the mainland China from where food is brought in. This meant the cost of the food has to go up for specific areas and not for others resulting in discrepancies of cost even across the small area in the Hong Kong. People could show preference based on the cost of the food as much as the quality of the food that the restaurants served (HKSAR Budget 2006-07). Increasing competition forced the restaurants not to increase the cost of the food at these restaurants for the fear of losing business. Current Marketing Methods The restaurants in Hong Kong promote themselves using any of the traditional methods of advertising on the newspapers and other media. Some of the well known restaurants thrive due to a strong of word of mouth advertisement that they get from their patrons. All these help them in consolidating their market base. However with the rise in the competitive levels the large food market in Hong Kong which is also known as the Food Paradise since the 1980s. A large cross section of the cuisines are also supported and it is found that these restaurants have already carved a niche for themselves by serving specific food varieties starting from Asian or Cantonese or Manchurian and other choices that serve as a differentiator. However, with the increasing level competition even these differentiators get blurred and there happens to be competition within these specific niche markets themselves so much so that these niches are no niche markets that they used to be once upon time. Out of the total area of 1,102 square kilometers of Hong Kong only about 300 square kilometers are occupied by human settlements. There is a large scale exodus of restaurants to move from these established locations and move out to the non established out skirts where the land and the building rentals are pretty cheap but at the cost of the patrons who would find it

History of Civil Rights | Essay

History of Civil Rights | Essay Racism entails the belief that some races are more superior to others in society. From as early as the colonial era, racism in the United States of America has been a major issue. Native Americans, African Americans, Asian Americans, Mexican Americans, American Jews, Irish Americans and some other immigrant groups and their descendants were all considered as the minority groups. Racism has many forms. However, no one is born a racist. This develops from the environment from which our children grow into. Racism in the United States of America has been a major issue ever since the slave and the colonial era. Legally endorsed racial discrimination imposed a grave burden on African Americans, Native Americans, Mexican Americans, and Asian Americans. European Americans were from the beginning at an advantage since the American law favored them in matters of voting rights, literacy standards, immigration, land acquisition, citizenship, and criminal procedure over periods of time extend from as early as the 17th century to the 1960s. Majority of the European ethnic groups, particularly Eastern Europe, Irish Americans, American Jews, Southern European immigrants, in addition other immigrants, suffered discrimination and other kinds of racism in American society. The major racially structured institutions at the time included Indian wars, slavery, segregation, Native American reservations, internment camps and residential schools (for Native Americans. In America, official racial bias was largely prohibited in the mid-20th century; moreover, it came to be viewed as socially intolerable. However, racial politics remained a major phenomenon in American territory. Historical racism up to date has continued to be perceived in socio-economic inequality. Nevertheless, racial stratification continued to take place in all avenues in our society including government, housing, employment, housing, lending and education sectors. As is the case in most countries, many people in the United States of America continue to harbor some discrimination against individuals from other races. Discrimination infiltrates almost all aspects of life in the United States of America, and it further extends to all communities of color. SLAVERY Slavery in the United States was a kind of forced labor that existed in North America as a legal institution for over a century. This was before the United States was founded in the year 1776. Later on, slavery began to spread to the south. This continued until the thirteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution was passed in 1865. The first lot of Africans to land in the United States was brought into North America in 1619. The ship docked in Virginia carrying about 20 Africans. This was the beginning of slavery in America. Slavery gradually spread into areas with good fertile soils where large plantations of high value cash crops were being grown. The key crops being grown were sugar, Cotton, coffee and tobacco. During the 18th century, legislatures and colonial courts had radicalized slavery. Fundamentally this created a caste system in which slavery applied exclusively to Black Africans and other people of African origin. However, Native Americans were also occasionally turned into slaves. Between the 16th à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 19th centuries, more than 12 million Africans had been shipped into America to become slaves to the Americans. By the 19th century, majority of the slave holders were located in South Americas where the land was more fertile. The African slaves were managed by overseers who were usually white Americans. Slavery was a touchy subject in the politics of the United States of America between 1770s-1860s. Thus it became a matter of discussion in the drafting of the American Constitution. Moreover, it became a key issue in Federal legislation and Supreme Court cases. Slaves resisted the legalization of slavery and the whole institution that supported it. To show their dismay, they held rebellions and non-compliance. In addition, they escaped slavery by travelling to non-slave states and Canada. This was made possible by the Underground Railroad. Activists of abolitionism were constantly engaged in political and moral debates in an effort to encourage the creation of Free Soil states as Western expansion proceeded. Slavery was a major subject that led to the start of the American Civil War. Once the Union won the war, slavery became illegal throughout the United States of America. In addition, the country adopted the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. B. Freedom Fighters Once slavery was abolished, African American people began to rise into positions of power in America. Some of them are discussed below. Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King, Jr was not only an American clergyman and activist but also a prominent leader in the African American Civil Rights Movement. He is famous for his contribution to the advancement of civil rights in the United States and around the world. He advocated for the use of non violent methods with regards to Mahatma Gandhi. He is also famous for being a Nobel peace laureate in 1964 for his work to end racial segregation and discrimination using non violent means. When he was assassinated in 1968, he was posthumously honored the Presidential Medal of Freedom. This was in 1977 and in 2004; he was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal. In the year 1986, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a U.S. federal holiday. 2. Autherine Lucy Foster Autherine Lucy Foster went down in history as the first black student to ever attend the University of Alabama. At the time, university policies prohibited her from attending the university since she was black. She therefore approached the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) for assistance. Court proceedings began on July 1953 and on June 29, 1955, the NAACP secured a court order preventing the University from turning down the admission applications of Lucy and her friend based upon their race. Few days later, the court amended the decision to apply to all other African-American students who were seeking admission in the university. The Supreme Court upheld this in Lucy v. Adams on October 10, 1955. The university reluctantly allowed Lucy to register, however, she was excluded from all dormitories and dining halls. On February 3, 1956, Lucy enrolled as a graduate student in library science, becoming the first African American to ever get admitted to a w hite public school or university in the state. However, things were not smooth sailing for Lucy since on the third day of classes, a hostile mob gathered to keep her from attending her classes. The police intervened however that evening Lucy was suspended from university on grounds that she disrupted the peace in the university. She filed suit against the university and as a result, they expelled her on grounds that she slandered the university reputation after decades of law suits, the University overturned her expulsion. This was in 1980, and in 1992, she finally earned her Masters degree in Elementary Education from the University. The University named a scholarship in her honor as well as unveiled a portrait of her in the student union. The inscription on it reads Her initiative and courage won the right for students of all races to attend the University. 3. Ida B. Wells- Barnet Ida Bell Wells-Barnett (July 16, 1862 March 25, 1931) was an African American female news paper editor and journalist. Her husband, Ferdinand L. Barnett, was the newspaper owner as well as an early civil rights movement leader. Ida documented the extent of killings that were being executed in the United States. She was also dynamic in the womens rights movement as well as the womens suffrage movement in America. Since she was little, she was aggressive in her demands for equality and justice for African-Americans. She always maintained that the African-American community could only gain justice through its own determination and efforts. Since her death, in March 25, 1931, the significance of her life as well as her legacy has greatly grown. Her life story has been the subject of a extensively performed musical drama, which debuted in 2006, by Tazewell Thompson. In history, she is labeled the woman who was at one time born in slavery yet she grew to overcome all odds and become one of the great pioneer activists of the Civil Rights Movement in America. III. Civil Rights Movements in the United States Brown vs. Board of Education Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was a land mark decision made by United States Warren Supreme court on May 17, 1954. The land mark declared the previous state laws that ensured the establishing separate public schools for white and black students were unconstitutional. This court ruling overturned the Ferguson vs. Plessey decision of 1896 which advocated for state-sponsored segregation. The court decision stated that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. As a result, de jure racial segregation was declared a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States constitution. This ruling paved the way for integration of all people irrespective of their race and civil rights movement. B. Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance began as a result of changes that had occurred in the African American community since slave was legally abolished. These changes were further hastened by the outcome of World War I. another catalyst to the movement was the great social and cultural changes that occurred in early 20th century in the United States. Industrialization was attracting people to urban areas from the rural areas and as a result, this gave rise to a new mass culture. Some of the contributing factors that lead to the Harlem Renaissance were the First World War, which had produced new industrial employment opportunities for hundreds of thousands of people and the Great Migration of African Americans to northern cities in America. This in turn led to the concentration of ambitious people in areas where they could hearten each other. Thus, the movement emerged stronger and more determined than ever. Harlem is a section of New York City. In the early 1900s, mostly in the1920s and early 1930s, African American literature started to thrive in Harlem. The New Negro movement, the New Negro Renaissance, and the Negro Renaissance were names referring the African American movement that was aimed at fighting for the blacks rights in America. This movement came forward towards the end of the First World War in 1918. The Harlem Renaissance marked the crucial moment in American history when the mainstream writers and critics took African American literature seriously. This is because; they realized that African American literature and arts was gaining significant attention from the world as a whole. Although it was mainly a fictional movement, it was very much related to progress in African American theater, music, politics and art. The Harlem Renaissance seemed to be the best of times for America to recognize and appreciate the African American people. The Harlem renaissance main objective was to fight for equality. However, once the great depression came about, the Harlem renaissance collapsed. Conclusion The election of Barrack Obama as a US president was a major milestone in the history of the United States. Being an African American, it was the peoples way of telling the world that the end of the dark ages of racism in America had come. People like martin Luther King Jr. dreamt of the day all Americans would accept each other and learn to live together in harmony. Finally this dream is slowly becoming a reality. Racism is a global harm on society, yet with persistence equality can be made.

gatillus Illusion Vs. Reality in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby :: Great Gatsby Essays

Illusion Vs. Reality in The Great Gatsby   Ã‚  Ã‚   "A confusion of the real with the ideal never goes unpunished," is how Goethe states not to mistake fantasy for reality. In the novel, The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, many of the characters live in an illusory world, though few can see reality.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Fitzgerald presents Jay Gatsby as one character who cannot see reality. "Can't repeat the past? Why of course you can!"(Pg. 116) He focuses so strongly on trying to get what he had in the past that he cannot face the reality that he cannot have Daisy. When Gatsby meets Daisy, he tells her that he is from a wealthy family to try to convince her that he is worthy of her. He also thinks that he can buy Daisy with his money. In addition, Jay Gatsby's real name is James Gatz. He changes his name because he wants to be a different person. Gatsby stakes everything on his dreams, but he does not realize that his dreams are unworthy of him. He loves Daisy so much that he cannot see how money corrupts her.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Daisy Buchanan is another character who lives in an illusory world. Daisy marries Tom only because he has money. Daisy is in love with material objects. She uses her money to get away from reality, and when she feels threatened, she hides behind her money. Furthermore, she says, "And I hope she'll be a fool-That's the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool."(Pg. 21) regarding her daughter Pammy. This statement shows part of her corruption because she is saying that it is better to be careless and beautiful instead of worrying about real things. Daisy wears white, which represents purity, but she is corrupted by money, which is gold and yellow. The colors white, yellow and gold are like the flower that Daisy is named after.   Ã‚     Another character, Nick Carraway, is one of the few people in The Great Gatsby that lives in reality. "They're a rotten crowd. You're worth the whole damn bunch put together," (Pg.162) is an example of how Nick realizes the corruption that money brings. While Gatsby allows money to possess him, Nick can see the destructive force of it.

John F. Kennedy – the Space Exploration

James Moyer Mr. Sims U. S History Period 3 16 May 2012 John F. Kennedy – The Space Exploration I. Introduction A. Background Information All honor and respect lies within John F. Kennedy; his famous speech â€Å"We choose to go to the Moon†, was the reason why Space Exploration reached its peak on July 21st in the year 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first and only people, the first and only Americans to step on the moon.It took eight-years, a month, and two days to complete what President Kennedy dreamed for our country, our people. Without his actions, his famous words, his heart-felt, prosperous speeches, we may have not accomplished the impossible, which we struggle to achieve, and prolong for it to happen again; to set foot on the moon. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born on May 29, 1917, in Brookline, Massachusetts. He was the second born out of nine siblings into a multi-millionaire family whose father is Joseph P.Kennedy. He was a very educated man no t only this; he was a war hero during World War II. When he would return to civilization, he would go into the newspapers business, and be a successful writer; he would choose to be politically active just like his father and Mr. Kennedy would later become a candidate for the House of Representatives. From here on was the beginning and legacy of the famous John F. Kennedy. 1. The Dream How did one man create such a big difference?Look at the Presidents before Kennedy, the first President, George Washington, it was because of his actions and mindset that we out witted the British and became the independent country; President Lincoln who helped bring slavery to end, who brought the Confederacy and the States together; President Teddy Roosevelt who initiated the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act, which would prove very beneficial to the economy and its people. Now there are a ew other fine Presidents such as these listed few, but Kennedy is the first and only President to reach the impossible, to do the impossible, to even think about the impossible, have America walk on the moon. All due to his will to reach far beyond the sky and enter space itself to come across and walk upon the moon. B. Why it Matters NASA, (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) is responsible for the Space Program and Kennedy was the one responsible for Space Exploration. Apollo 11 was the manned spaceship which landed on the moon, to achieve what Mr.Kennedy wanted to see and experience himself; to see his dreams come true. Unfortunately his untimely death singled-handedly shocked the people; his assassination would spark the will for Space Exploration to accomplish his dream of landing on the moon. II. Body Paragraphs a. How It All Began John Fitzgerald Kennedy, born May 29, 1917, at 83 Beals Street in the middle-class suburb of Brookline, Massachusetts, was the second of nine children (Baughman et. Al). The Kennedy bunch ended up moving to Bronxville, just outsid e of New York City.They would reside here for Kennedy’s schooling throughout the years until 1941 where they would dismantle and search for a new home. Kennedy had a secret illness which was life threatening: chronic stomach disorders, back problems, frequent and severe allergic reactions, and the undiagnosed, until 1947, effects of Addison's disease. â€Å"Addison’s disease is a failure of the adrenal glands, which sapped his energy, weakened his immune system, and left him vulnerable to infections and dangerously high fevers† (Baughman et. Al). Kennedy’s father wouldn’t let his health affect the publicity so he covered it up with Kennedy’s â€Å"war injuries. 1. His Career In 1941, instead of continuing with his works, John F. Kennedy followed his brother Joseph Jr. into battle alongside the U. S Navy during World War II. Kennedy was assigned to duties of Naval Intelligence in Washington. On August 2nd, 1943, the PT-109, a boat under his command, was rammed and suck by a Japanese destroyer, Amagiri. Although his seamanship and commands were questionable at the time, he was still a courageous man; he proved this by saving his injured crew or being able to sustain them behind enemy lines to wait for rescue.Awarded a few medals such as the Navy and Marine Corps Medal and the Purple Heart, also being considered a hero in the eyes of New York Times, he would later be discharged for medical reasoning and thrown into politics right away by his father, due to his eldest sons death, Joseph Jr. now being able to fulfill his father’s dream; to become the first Irish-Catholic President of the United States. 2. Political Life In 1946 John Kennedy won election to the U. S. Congress from Massachusetts' 11th District, representing parts of Boston and Cambridge.His father spent exorbitant sums on the campaign and involved the entire Kennedy family except his sister Rosemary who was ‘retarded’. In 1952, at his fat her's urging, Kennedy challenged Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. for the U. S. Senate from Massachusetts. Most observers gave Kennedy little chance. The 1952 campaign featured sophisticated, often unique methods of reaching the voters. Among the first to make the best use of television for advertising and fundraising, Kennedy enrolled in a special CBS-TV seminar to promote on how to use TV effectively.His naturally poised and unrestrained manner fitted the new scene conditionally. â€Å"Highlighting the campaign were the appearances of the candidate's mother and sisters at hundreds of invitation-only social events where the Kennedy women served tea and charmed an estimated 70,000 women voters. A record turnout gave Kennedy a slim 76,000 vote margin over Lodge† (Baughman et. Al). Kennedy attracted large support from Boston, Irish-Catholics, Jews, labor union members, and some Republicans who thought Kennedy was more conservative than Lodge. 3. JFK, How he Became President Mr.Kennedy did his best to become and persuade people for him to become Vice-President, as that proved to no avail, he went towards a more direct approach, becoming President himself. In order to get votes and win the nomination of running for his party, he had to persuade some hard-headed mules that Catholics are able to win votes as well. In doing so, he set off a campaign which would be a very rough one for him indeed, for he was matched against Nixon. Without his televised broadcast of him against Nixon, he would have probably lost the election of becoming President for the argins between the two men were ever so slightly apart. b. Introducing John F. Kennedy with the Space Program The Space Program would be introduced in 1946, not as NASA but its ancestor NACA. While they have been preparing themselves for space, they constructed with planes and aerodynamics. When Sputnik 1 was launched by the U. S. S. R a strike of fear and lack of knowledge devoured the United States especially the governm ent. In order to retaliate, they devoted their studies and enhanced science and math subjects in order to redeem themselves from this feat.On July 28, 1958, President Eisenhower signed the National Aeronautics and Space Act, which established NASA from there. NASA did not only evolve from its ancestor, but it absorbed everything from it. NASA took over and started its own missions on October 1st of the same year. When President Kennedy beat Eisenhower’s famous Nixon, he did his best to prove he was worthy of being U. S. A’s President. He worked with domestic and foreign affairs before heading into the Space Race. He knew the people of the United States needed to have the same confidence they once had before Sputnik 1 was launched.In order for this to occur, he went to Houston, Texas on September 12, 1962 to address the nation, that the Space Race must continue but needs the help of the government to help pay for the program (Logsdon). Before announcing this, on Februar y 20, 1962 John Glenn was the first man to be launched and orbit around the Earth’s atmosphere. This is what sparked the hope of the Space Exploration to continue. With President Kennedy’s power of words and the hope NASA has instilled into the people’s hearts, it seemed anything was possible.Even through Kennedy’s assassination, the Space Program continued its works to accomplish Kennedy’s dream of landing on the moon. 4. Kennedy’s Assassination and the Moon It was 12:30 Friday afternoon, on November 22, 1963, in Dealey Plaza, Texas when four gunshots were heard across the globe. Kennedy was fatally shot and died the same day, he was assassinated and although it may have said Lee Harvey Oswald was responsible for Kennedy’s death, it is still a conspiracy on whether he did it and if he did if there were other people involved.This case is still an unraveled mystery which hasn’t been solved ever since. Kennedy’s death shoc ked the globe but that didn’t stop NASA from reaching the moon. His death may have been very mournful, but NASA was devoted into finishing this last project Kennedy sent them out to do and that was to reach the moon. Some years later on July 20, 1969, the Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Buzz Aldrin accomplished the amazing feat of being the first and only men to land on the moon. III. ConclusionJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy was a remarkable man capable of reaching the impossible. One of the youngest Presidents ever, and had the mind of the wisest. Without his leadership and devotion of accomplishing the race to the moon, we wouldn’t have had the same spark of hope as we do today. His actions have led us to a new age, one that will forever be remembered. Although the Space Race has led us far, we haven’t had the time and money to go back to the Moon. Mr. Kennedy is the hope of all dreams. He is the moon and will forever be walking on it, while he waits for our return.Works Cited Baughman, Judith, Victor Bondi, Richard Layman, Tandy McConnell, and Vincent Tompkins. â€Å"American Decades. † Gale Cengage Learning, 1 Jan. 1998. Web. 16 Dec. 1998 Kennedy, John F. We Choose to go to the Moon. † John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, 12 Sept. 1962 Web. 7 Mar. 2012. Logsdon, John M. John F. Kennedy and the Race to the Moon New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2010.

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Once overcome with the thought of being a great emperor Faustus is obviously convinced that selling his soul is the best option he has and appears to disregard any rational logic, allowing Mephistopheles to sit back only issuing short replies like I will in return to the overly ambitious notions filling Faustus egotistical head. Faustus lack of control is only furthered when his own appetite gets the better of him leading to Mephistopheles threatening to go back to hell forcing Faustus to implore with him not to leave furthermore signalling his reliance on him to actually carry out all his frivolous desires. The compromise of being offered greater things proves too much for Faustus as  passion overcomes reason, which Mephistopheles is keen to distance them from, crea ting stark opposition and providing further evidence that he is willing to manipulate Faustus through his vulnerabilities, regardless of what emotions this will invoke in the mere mortal himself. In addition to promise bringing whirlwinds, tempests, thunder and lightning under the control of Faustus, Mephistopheles also immediately senses whenever there is slight doubt in his subject, quickly bombarding him with fantasises to delight his mind and turn his attention away from any concept of repentance. This eagerness to persistently tempt Faustus towards hell every time he wavers slightly suggests a driven character, supported through his own claims that he would do anything to obtain his soul no matter the cost, showcasing a lack of care or sympathy towards the difficult situation Faustus finds himself in. This only serves to further the level of deception and pretence when Mephistopheles calls on Faustus to stab thine arm courageously resorting to flattery to get his own way, knowing that Faustus ego will easily succumb to being complimented and raised above others. 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Therefore it can be considered that Faustus is in no position to call Mephistopheles a bewitching fiend such are the failings of his own character. He is the one who condemns himself through his over ambition at becoming a conjuror laureate and arrogance in believing that he has tamed Mephistopheles and made him obedient. Whereas Mephistopheles only points him in the right direction and technically always remains under his command, bringing him a hot whore for a wife, while unsatisfactory is still fulfilling the parameters of Faustus self-indulgent wish. Despite this obedience towards his supposed master, Mephistopheles can definitely be considered a bewitching fiend due to his ability to lure Faustus into making the decisions that Mephistopheles himself wanted and the drive he holds in forcing the deal through to the end. 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